Safe or vault.



PATENTED DEOA, 190s, J. B. HAIN.

vSAFE OR VAULT.

APPLIOATION FILED MATH, 1905.

IIIIIII- iii/71757.

4 rLhn/ H Hair? rm: mums FETERS ca. WASHINGTON. n. c,

UNITED sT 'rns PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN B. HAIN, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SAFE OR VAULT.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN B. HAIN, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Safesor Vaults, of which the following is a specification, reference beinghad therein to the accom anying drawings.

T 's invention has relation to safes or vaults; and the inventionrelates more particularly to that class known as burglarproof safes orvaults; and the primary object of the invention is to provide a burglarproof structure comprising a body and a door.

The inventionaims to utilize the very best materials for the differentparts of the safe, yet without arbitrary adherence to any particularkind of material.

, It has-been the practice in safes and vaults to use a plurality ofscrews and bolt-holes for securing the numerous outer parts of a safe orvault to the door, these screws'and boltholes facilitating means forsecuring a drill or clamp to the safe body or door so often used byexperts when burglarizing a safe or vault. To obviate this objection tosafes ordinarily constructed, I have devised asafe consisting of acylindrical body portion having a circular revolving door, the bodyportion being devoid of all screws and bolt-holes, and in said bodyportion I provide a separate complete cylindrical reserve-chest thatforms independent compartments within the safe or vault, said chest orcompartment being firmly anchored within the safe by positive andreliable means that will be hereinafter described.

Throughout the construction of my improved safe-body I employunmachinable or non-workable metals having inserts of millable metal tofacilitate the assembling ofthe various parts of my improved safe.

The construction entering into my improved safes and vaults will behereinafter more fully described and then specifically pointed out inthe claims, and, referring to the drawing accompanying this application,like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improvedsafe mounted on a carriage. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig.3 is a front elevation of the safe, the door thereof being removed andshowing the inside or Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 16, 1905. Serial No. 260.666.

Patented Dec. 4, 1906.

' chest doors closed. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of my improvedsafe, taken on the line as a: of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail view of ahandle or lever employed for revolving the door of my improved safe.

By observing the drawings accompanying this application it will be seenthat I have constructed a safe that can be readily termed a cylindricalcompound burglar-proof safe -one of the main features of which residesin the construction of the chest or inner compartment. The chest, whichwill be hereinafter described in detail, is preferably made of laminatedchrome-steel cylindrical sections with flanged edges for the back andfront and tubular fillingplates, which are attached to the cylindricalsections and the whole chest then telescoped into the safe by hydraulicpressure. The construction of the chest permits of a plurality ofwhole-plate partitions being used in connection with the safe to.provide shelves and apartments, and these partitions can be positionedwithin the inner tubular plate before the rear Wall of the chest isforced into position.

In describing the invention in detail reference will be had to Figs. 1to 4, inclusive, wherein the preferred embodiments of my invention areillustrated. The safe proper consists of a cylindrical body 1, which iscarried by and mounted on a base or carriage 2, mounted upon suitablewheels 3. My invention resides particularly in the construction of thecylindrical body 1 and its appurtenant parts. The front of thecylindrical body or shell 1 is formed with an inwardlyextending annularflange 4 to provide a circular doorway 5. The rear of the body 1 is leftopen until the different parts of the safe have been assembled andproperly positioned, at which time the back plate 6 can be placed withinthe body of the safe. In assembling the different parts of the safe Iemploy a member or door-locking ring 7, having a circular opening 8formed therein,which is provided with a plurality of substantiallysegment-shaped locking members or lugs 9, some of which are providedwith beveled surfaces 10. 1 preferably only employ two or three lockingmembers, and where three locking members are employed it will of coursebe understood that the safe-door need only be revolved one-sixth of arevolution in order to open or close the same, and by employing onlythree locking members a better distribution of the locking-surface isprovided. The locking-ring 7 is also provided with a plurality ofopenings -11, designed to; When 'key 15 to prevent the locking-ring fromrotating. A cylindrical shell 16 of a suitable Width is then placedwithin the body of the safeto-create a sufficient space for the swinging of doors carried by achest, to be pres entlydescribed. The chest inits entirety is preferably formed of three cylindrical sections,(designated 18,19, and 20.) The cylindrical section lS isformed with aninwardlyextendingannular flange 21, forming a circular opening having avertically-disposed rib 22, which divides the circular opening into twosubstantially semicircular doorways.

The circular edges of the doorways arechamfered, as indicated at 23 23,toprovide stepped doorways inwhich similar doors are to .be mounted. Theadvantage gained by substantially semicircular doorways is that thechamfered surfaces of thedoorway can be ground toe-metallic fitbefore'thedoors are hinged-tothe straight edgesofthe plate 25. After-.the doorways have been properly ground doors 24 24 are hinged 'to theplate 25, whichds secured to the vertically-disposed rib22 by-suitablescrews 26, that are placed inengagcment with the plate 25 from the innerside of-the rib 22. Idonot careto con fine myself to the formof'hingeused, as a crane or transverse hinge maybe readily em ployed, and whenthe doors have been properly'hungthey will swing outwardly, one'totherightand one to the left. In connection withthese'doors, aconventional form of lock andzbolts may-be used, as designatedby thereference-numerals 27 27. I employ an annular-sleeve 2S, towhichthesectionsofithe chest are adapted to be attached. Upon the sleeve isadapted to beplaced the cylindrical section 19 and the cylindricalsections '18 and 20, which form an annular chest or compartment havingtwo doors. To'retain the cylindrical sections .18, 19, and 20 upon thesleeve 28, suitable screws 29 are employed, which pass through thesleeve 28 and engage-said sections; as clearly illustratedin Fig. '4ofthedrawings. After the chest has been assembled in its entirety it isforced bodily within the safe-body, and usudurian or other filling maybe employed to seal the chest within the safe-body and prevent wedgesbeing driven in between the periphery of the chest and. the walls of thesafe-body. "The back plate 6 of the safe can then be placed in position,and this plate-is preferably made to snugly fit the cylindrical open'ing ofthe safe-body, and hydraulic means is preferably employed forforcing the back plate within the body of thesa'fe. In place is obviousthat observations utilize it for the rear plate of the safe-body.

In case the back plate formed of a separate piece isused I have devisednovel-means for locking said wall within the body of the safe as anextra precaution, said means being illustrated in Fig. 4 of thedrawings. The

periphery of the back plate 6 is provided with a plurality of grooves27, in this instance the grooves being four in number. Each groove isprovided with a-beveled surface 28 and with friction-rollers 29 whichare adapted to seat withinithe grooves and prevent the backplatefrombeing-removedfrom within the safe-body. The friction-rollers 29 areadapted to impinge betweenthe surfaces of the body of the safe and thebeveled surfacesof the grooves-andserve-as-a wedge to prevent the backplate from being removed-from the safe.

From the foregoing it will be observed that priortoplacing the chest andthe back plate within the safe-body a through-passagewas establisheduponsiinilar lines. The throughpassage isofassistance to the workmen inassemblin' the different parts of the safe, particular y the door andlocking mechanism, the fitting of which is essential 'insafeconstruction. It is awell-knowmfaet-that in the manufactureofsafes, andparticularly vaults, it'is necessary'to 'thoroughlytest the lockingfeatures of the doors, and in order-to do thisiitnecessitatesthepresence of aworkman-within a vault. or large safeinorder that shouldthe locking mechanism fail to work after 'the doors have been locked theworkmen can then release the locking mechanism. Unlessawork man remainswithin the safe-whilethe lock-is being tested it has been impossible toobtain aperfect fitting of the door and bolts so thateachinternal memberdoes its part, and in -view of this and many other disadvantages whichare experienced by-safe constructors I have adopted in the constructionof my improved safe the throughpassage of the-safe body. Prior 'toplacing the chest and its appurtenantparts, together with the backplate, within the safe-body I mount my improved door and its dockingmechanism uponthe safe-body and ascertain whether the safe-door fitssnugly and the locking mechanism operates pro erly before adjustmg thechest and the bac (plate. It

as to thegeneral working and the fittingof thedoor of my improved safecan bemade from the rear of the safe by one workman and correctlypositioned and manipulated by another workman in front ofthe safe, thusinsuring a perfect and reliable closurefor a safe.

V The safe constructed as hereinbefore described is provided with a maindoor.

(Shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.) To support the door, the bodyof the safe-is provided with lugs 34, and the safe-body is provided witha vertically-disposed aperture which passes through said lugs, and in"this aperture is secured a screw-threaded rod 36, upon the ends ofWhich are mounted hinge members 37. These members carry sleeves 38 and39, the sleeves 38 being adapted to fit over the screw-threaded ends ofthe rod 36 and be retained thereon by nuts 40. In the sleeves 39 39 ismounted a rod 41, and upon this rod are mounted pierced lugs 42 42 of acrane member 43. The lugs 42 42 are adapted to rest upon the sleeves 3939, and nuts 44 44 are employed to retain the lugs 42 42 in engagementwith the sleeves 39 39, also to retain the rod 41 Within said sleeves.The crane member carries outwardly-extending arms 50 50, which areprovided with suitable handles 51 51, whereby the crane member 43 can beconveniently swung outwardly from the safe. Between the arms 50 50 ofthe crane member is pivotally mounted the circular main door 52. Thefront of the door is provided with a circular band or ring 53, carryingdiametrically-opposed lugs 54 54, which are held in engagement with thearms 50 50 of the crane member by means of pintles 55 55. The front ofthe door is provided with protuberances 56 56, forming recess 57,adapted to receive the end 58 of the lever for rotating the circulardoor, said lever being shown in detail view, Fig. 5.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings the door is shown as partly broken away inorder to show the stop-pins 95*, which is carried by a revoluble bandand is adapted to move in a groove 95 formed in the ring 53 and whichconstitutes a portion of the day locking mechanism of the safe; but asthis mechanism and, in fact, the whole construction of the door and themechanism for hinging the same to the safe constitute no part of mypresent invention the same need not be particularly described.

In constructing my improved safe I prefer ably employ manganese-steelfor the body portion; but as this steel is somewhat brittle I preferablyform the chest of tempered laminated chrome-steel, which forms an insidelining for the safe-body and adds to the strength of the same.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a cylindrical safebody and a separate cylindricalback plate inserted within the safe-body, with means interposed betweenthe periphery of the back plate and the inner surface of the body forsecuring the plate in position, and a door hinged to the body andadapted to enter the same.

2. In a safe, the combination with a cylindrical safe-body provided witha doorway and, a circular back plate seated in said safebody, of meansdisposed between the periphery of the back plate and the inner surfaceof the body for securing the plate in position, a chest mounted in saidsafe-body and bearing against said back plate, means arranged with inthe safe-body for sustaining the chest in position against the backplate and a door hinged to the body and adapted to enter said doorway.

3. The combination with a cylindrical safe-body having an internalcavity of equal diameter from a point adjacent the front of the safe tothe rear thereof, of a circular plate fitting in the rear of saidcavity, and means seated in recesses in the periphery of said plate forlocking the plate in position.

4."The combination with a cylindrical safe-body having an internalcavity of equal diameter throughout, said body having aninwardly-projecting annular flange at its front, a locking-ring arrangedin said body at the rear of said flange, a cylindrical shell ar rangedin the body at the rear of said locking-ring, a chest arranged in thebody at the rear of said cylindrical shell, a back plate arranged in thecavity of the body at its rear end and bearing against said chest andmeans for locking said plate within the cavity of the body.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature in the presence of twoWitnesses.

' JOHN B. HAIN.

Witnesses:

O. KLOSTERMANN,

KH. BUTLER.

